Ease of availability as the name suggests, the major advantage of convenience sampling is the convenience with which it can be carried out. Quicker and cheaper than starting from full population lists. Therefore it is also known as random sampling nonprobability sampling in this sampling method the probability of. Convenience sampling is a sampling method in which participation is based on availability of participation or volunteers. The advantages of random sampling versus cuttingofthetail bis. Accordingly the advantages of using random sampling are that the population sample is only influenced by chance, ensuring the sample is fair, nonbiased and nondiscriminative. It doesnt take much effort to start a convenience sampling effort. Convenience sampling can be used by almost anyone and has been around for generations. Insights from an overview of the methods literature abstract the methods literature regarding sampling in qualitative research is characterized by important inconsistencies and ambiguities, which can be problematic for students and researchers seeking a clear and coherent understanding. A sampling method where the sample is randomly selected to ensure unbiased results. A manual for selecting sampling techniques in research munich. Fulcomer3 1 walden university, 3758 surrey hill place, upper arlington, oh 43220. In pilot studies, convenience sample is usually used because it allows the researcher to obtain basic data and trends regarding his study without the complications of using a randomized sample this sampling technique is also useful in documenting that a particular. Advantages of judgmental sampling over other sampling methods english language essay there are two main types of sampling methods.
Probability sampling also referred as random sampling is one in which getting any scenario or results can be accommodated or calculated scientifically. A key advantage of stratified sampling is that it randomly selects elements in every stratum. This method is extremely speedy, easy, readily available, and cost effective, causing it to. Systematic sampling is low risk, controllable and easy, but this statistical sampling method could lead to sampling errors and data manipulation. Convenience sampling is a type of nonprobability sampling in which people are sampled simply because they are convenient sources of data for researchers. Sample size calculation and sampling techniques syed asad ali department of paediatrics and child health, aga khan university, karachi. A convenience sample is formed when we select elements from a population on the basis of what elements are easy to obtain. Convenience sampling, a type of nonprobability sampling method, was used. Although, nonprobability sampling has a lot of limitations due to the subjective nature in. Because of the wellintentioned movement to improve the representation of underrepresented groups in developmental research, there has developed a sampling strategy of recruiting fixed numbers of participants from different sociodemographic groups e. Therefore, systematic sampling is used to simplify the process of selecting a sample or to ensure ideal dispersion of sample units throughout the population. Dimensional sampling the goal of dimensional sampling is to provide a frame work for drawing a purposive sample representative of the universe to which one wishes to generalize. Fernando sampling advantages and disadvantages of sampling methods advantages disadvantages simple random easy to conduct high probability of achieving a representative sample meets assumptions of many statistical procedures identification of all members of the population can.
Hence the sample collected through this method is totally random in nature. Multistage random sampling uses a combination of techniques. Convenience sampling is a type of nonprobability sampling. This article studied and compared the two nonprobability sampling techniques namely, convenience sampling and purposive sampling. In probability sampling, each element in the population has a known nonzero chance of being selected through the use of a random selection procedure. Failed in 1936 the literary digest poll in 1936 used a sample of 10 million, drawn from government lists of automobile and telephone. Researchers use convenience sampling not just because it is easy to use, but because it also has other research advantages. Pdf comparison of convenience sampling and purposive. Characteristics, benefits, crucial issues draw backs, and examples of. It is useful when the investigator may not have access to a population of potential subjects who meet inclusion criteria, which may often be stigmatizing. However, optimal sampling methods to engage stakeholders from hardtoreach, vulnerable communities to generate research priorities have not been identified.
Describe the difference between convenience sampling and. This would be the easiest and the most convenient way of recruiting the sources of the primary data for your research. Advantages and disadvantages of different observation. Sampling methods, random sampling, multistage cluster sampling, random route method, quota sampling 1. Therefore, the advantages and disadvantages of convenience sampling are the reverse of probability sampling. Advantages of judgmental sampling over other sampling. In random sampling every member of the population has the same chance probability of being selected into the sample. A convenience sample is made up of people who are easy to reach or who are conveniently available to participate in study. It is relatively commonplace for books and articles in the field particularly written from a humanities perspective to present their empirical data as being of self.
Convenience sampling subjects are selected because they are easily accessible. Advantages of sampling october 21st, 2010 sampling is cheaper than a census survey. The results can be quite disproportionate to the target population. Sampling methods are usually divided into two types. If data were to be collected for the entire population, the cost will be quite high. This research method has both benefits and drawbacks. Researchers often need to select a convenience sample or face the possibility that. Convenience sampling is a type of sampling where the first available primary data source will be used for the research without additional. It may be extremely difficult or cost prohibitive to locate respondents in these situations. List from which the sample is drawn, with the hopes that is representative of the entire population. More recently, others have discussed observation in the context of data recording software ice 2004, sample size bernard and killworth 1993. Convenience sampling definition a process of selecting subjects or units for examination and analysis that is based on accessibility, ease, speed, and low cost.
In pilot studies 1, convenience sample is usually used because it allows the researcher to obtain basic data and trends regarding his study without the complications of using a randomized sample 2. A research on the habits, thoughts, views, and opinions of people can help us in the betterment of the society. Sampling strategies and their advantages and disadvantages. Simple random, convenience, systematic, cluster, stratified statistics help duration. Subjects for a study are easily available within the proximity of the researcher. Snowball sampling relies on referrals from initial subjects to generate additional subjects. When the population members are similar to one another on important variables. In the section which sampling technique to use in your research, it has been tried. Lets say you are a marketing student who works parttime as a gym instructor. Assessing limitations and uses of convenience samples.
Comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling. So, the cost will be lower if data is collected for a sample of population which is a big advantage. Using a random sample it is possible to describe quantitatively the relationship between the sample and the underlying population, giving the range of values, called confidence intervals, in which the true population parameter is likely to lie. Convenience sampling is an affordable way to gather data. Estimators for systematic sampling and simple random sampling are identical. Generalization to a population can seldom be made with this procedure. Effective communitypartnered and patientcentered outcomes research needs to address community priorities. Snowball sampling snowball sampling is a recruitment method in which an investigator enlists the help of a research subject in identifying, and possibly recruiting, additional subjects.
Convenience sampling educational research basics by del. When the population members are similar to one another on. Both methods categorize the target population into a certain number of groups. Sampling methods can be categorised into two types of sampling probability sampling in this sampling method the probability of each item in the universe to get selected for research is the same. However, obtaining a list of the entire population is complicated, and as a result this can prevent entirely random sampling.
This is a type of sampling technique that does not rely upon a random process, such as we see in a simple random sample, to generate a sample. As convenience sampling allows the pollster to draw samples from the zone where she gets comfortable, the sampling method becomes easier for the pollster as compared to stratified random sampling, systematic random sampling and others. The caution with convenience sampling is not to generalize the broader population because there is no justification to claim that the sample is representative of the larger group. History of sampling contd dates back to 1920 and started by literary digest, a news magazine published in the u. This technique is also referred to as accidental sampling, and is commonly used in pilot studies prior to launching a. Convenience sampling is the most easiest way to do that. Convenience sampling is not preferred way of sampling for effective analysis as samples are taken from specific section of the population.
Calculating and justifying sample size for a study can be an intimidating task for new researchers. It is obviously more economical, for instance, to cover a sample of households than all households in a territory although the cost per unit of study may be higher in a sample survey than in a census. In two similar rural, largely hispanic communities, a community advisory board guided recruitment of stakeholders. Introduction since the earliest applications of quota sampling in the early twentieth century, there has been a wealth of references to its unsuitability for some purposes, such as to obtain populationrepresentative samples 16.
Snowball sampling is a special nonprobability method used when the desired sample characteristic is rare. The population is sometimes rather mysteriously called the universe. Advantages and disadvantages of different observation methods on a troop of wild olive baboons at a river in southern kenya. Probability sampling is considered the best way to ensure the validity of any inferences made about a programs effectiveness and its generalizability. Sometimes a convenience sample is called a grab sample as we essentially grab members from the population for our sample. Convenience sampling is a method of collecting data samples from people or respondents who are easily accessible to the researcher. Convenience sampling and purposive sampling are nonprobability sampling techniques that a researcher uses to choose a sample of subjectsunits from a population. Comparing two sampling methods to engage hardtoreach. One of the reasons that it is most often used is due to the numerous advantages it provides. A convenience sample is a nonprobability sample in which the researcher uses the subjects that are nearest and available to participate in the research study. A sampling method where the researcher selects the research sample based on ease and proximity to the researcher. A statistical method of drawing representative data by selecting people because of the ease of their volunteering or selecting units because of their availability or easy access. Digest successfully predicted the presidential elections in 1920, 1924,1928, 1932 but.
In addition to this, sampling has the following advantages also. Hence, the researcher does not have to do any extra effort or go out of the way to gather data. Convenience sampling definition psychology glossary. Cluster sampling advantages and disadvantages of sampling techniques sampling technique used when natural but relatively homogeneous groupings are evident in a statistical population stratified random sampling groups the. Convenience sampling is a sampling method a way of gathering participants for a study used where a you select a naturallyoccurring group of people within the population you want to study. The advantages of this type of sampling are the availability and the quickness with which data can be gathered. Convenience sampling is almost the exact opposite of probability sampling. An example might be surveying students in ones class. Freedman department of statistics university of california berkeley, ca 94720 the basic idea in sampling is extrapolation from the part to the wholefrom the sample to the population. Quota sampling is a sampling method that includes only certain groups to ensure a fair or appropriate representations of those groups, this helps avoid oversampling. However, you should be fully aware of the pros and cons of convenience sampling before you conduct research.
Sampling gordon lynchi introduction one of the aspects of research design often overlooked by researchers doing fieldwork in the study of religion is the issue of sampling. Check the advantages and disadvantages of convenience sampling. Your class project is to conduct market research to. When you are asked to survey about the habit of drinking alcohol in your town, you will not go and roam all around. In probability sampling, every member of the target population has a known probability of being. The advantages of random sampling versus cuttingofthe. A convenience sample is one of the main types of non probability sampling methods. However, the pros and cons of convenience sampling presented here cant be denied that although it has some advantages, it also have disadvantages. Perhaps it depends on the type of research being conducted.
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